By Dr. Samrat Jankar – Gastrointestinal & Colorectal Surgeon, Kaizen Fistula Care, Pune
Anal fistulas can be frustrating, painful, and often recurrent if not treated correctly. But what many people don’t realize is that not all fistulas are the same. The way a fistula forms, its path, and its depth within the tissues determine how complex it is—and therefore, how it should be treated.
At Kaizen Fistula Care, Pune, Dr. Samrat Jankar, an expert colorectal and gastrointestinal surgeon, specializes in accurately diagnosing and treating both simple and complex anal fistulas using advanced, minimally invasive techniques.
What is an Anal Fistula?
An anal fistula is an abnormal tunnel that develops between the anal canal and the skin near the anus. It usually occurs as a result of an infection in an anal gland that did not heal properly, leading to an abscess and eventually forming a tract.
Fistulas can vary in direction, length, and involvement of anal muscles. These differences are what make a fistula either simple or complex—and this classification directly affects your treatment plan.
Understanding the Classification:
Simple Fistulas:
Simple fistulas are straightforward tracts that:
- Involve minimal muscle tissue
- Have a single external opening
- Are usually located below the sphincter muscles
Treatment:
Simple fistulas are often managed with a minor surgical procedure such as fistulotomy, where the tract is opened and allowed to heal naturally. Healing rates are high, and recurrence is rare when performed by an experienced colorectal surgeon.
Complex Fistulas:
Complex fistulas are more challenging and involve:
- Multiple tracts or branches
- High or deep involvement of sphincter muscles
- Recurrence after previous surgery
- Associated conditions like Crohn’s disease, tuberculosis, or radiation injury
Treatment:
These require specialized techniques such as LIFT (Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract), VAAFT (Video-Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment), FiLaC (Fistula Laser Closure), or Seton placement. The goal is to remove the infection and heal the tract without damaging the anal sphincter, thus preserving continence.
At Kaizen Fistula Care, Dr. Samrat Jankar carefully evaluates the type and complexity of each fistula before deciding on the safest and most effective treatment approach.
Why the Classification Matters?
Understanding whether a fistula is simple or complex helps in:
- Choosing the right surgical technique
- Minimizing the risk of recurrence
- Preventing incontinence or sphincter damage
- Ensuring faster healing and better outcomes
Accurate classification is the foundation of successful treatment. That’s why diagnosis using advanced imaging such as MRI Fistulography and a detailed clinical examination is crucial before planning surgery.
Advanced Fistula Care at Kaizen Fistula Care, Pune:
Dr. Samrat Jankar and his team at Kaizen Fistula Care combine experience, technology, and patient-focused care to treat both simple and complex fistulas with high success rates. The clinic offers modern facilities, painless treatment options, and a strong focus on long-term healing and recovery.
Patients benefit from personalized care plans, minimally invasive procedures, and post-surgical support to reduce recurrence and discomfort. Whether you are looking for the best Fistula Treatment in Pune or seeking consultation from a trusted Fistula Specialist in India, Kaizen Fistula Care ensures you receive world-class care under one roof.
When to Seek Expert Help?
If you’ve been diagnosed with an anal fistula—or suspect one due to pain, discharge, or swelling near the anus—it’s important to seek professional care early. Timely diagnosis and the correct classification can prevent complications and ensure a smoother recovery.
At Kaizen Fistula Care, Pune, Dr. Samrat Jankar, one of the most trusted Fistula Specialists in Pune, provides expert evaluation and advanced, minimally invasive Fistula Treatment in Pune to help you heal comfortably and confidently.
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes an anal fistula?
Most anal fistulas are caused by an infection in an anal gland that turns into an abscess and then leaves a tunnel (fistula) after it drains. Other causes can include Crohn’s disease, tuberculosis, or previous surgery.
What are the treatment options for anal fistulas?
Simple fistulas: Have one straight tract, involve little muscle, and are easier to treat.
Complex fistulas: Have multiple tracts or go deeper, often involving more muscle or recurring after surgery.
How long does recovery take after fistula treatment?
Recovery depends on the type and complexity of the fistula, but most patients heal within 2–6 weeks. Proper wound care and follow-ups are important for smooth healing.
Can an anal fistula come back after surgery?
Yes, recurrence can happen, especially in complex cases. However, accurate diagnosis and expert treatment by a specialist like Dr. Samrat Jankar greatly reduce this risk.
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